Mobile Payment in China: 2008-2009 Edition
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Mobile Payment in China: 2008-2009 Edition, released in January 2009, is the newest edition to our m-payment series, which started in 2006 with Mobile Payment in China: Bricks and Clicks Going Mobile. Like its predecessors, it offers the most up-to-date and comprehensive study available on China's mobile payment sector.
Questions Answered
- What is the current size of China's mobile payment market?
- What are the strengths and weaknesses of the leading m-payment business models?
- Which companies are playing the greatest roles in China's m-payment sector?
- Which specific services and products will drive future mobile payment growth in China?
- What role is China's government regulators play in m-payment development?
- How will the upgrade to 3G mobile networks affect m-payment growth in China?
- Which are the greatest obstacles to m-payment development in China?
- Where is international expertise and investment most needed in China's mobile payment market?
Companies Covered
- Third-party mobile payment providers: Union Mobile Pay (UMPay), Smartpay, Guangzhou Huanxin, Unicom Huajian, China M-world, Yeepay, IPS
- Mobile operators: China Mobile, China Unicom, China Telecom
- Banks: Bank of China, China Construction Bank, Agricultural Bank of China, Industrial & Commercial Bank of China, China Minsheng Bank, China Merchants Bank, Bank of Communications,
- Investment companies: Lunar Group, Accel Partners, Icon Ventures, 2B Holdings, RRE Ventures, Celcius Capital, Morningside, Draper Fisher Jurvetson, Intel Capital, MINT Capital
Executive Summary 1 Introduction to Mobile Payment in China 1.1 Mobile payment definitions 1.2 Market statistics 1.3 M-payment and China's e-payment industry 1.4 Bankcards and other payment cards in China 1.4.1 Credit cards (信用卡) 1.4.2 Debit cards (借记卡) 1.5 Government regulation 1.6 The dominance of China UnionPay and China Mobile 2 M-payment Business Models in China 2.1 The mobile operator WVAS model 2.1.1 China Mobile's Monternet platform 2.1.2 China Unicom's Uni-info platform 2.2 The m-payment service provider model 2.3 The contactless smartcard model 2.4 Competitive analysis of competing models 3 M-payment Services Available in China 3.1 Mobile billing 3.2 Mobile top-up 3.3 Mobile ticketing 3.4 Mobile banking 3.5 Other services 4 Key M-payment Industry Players 4.1 Banks 4.1.1 The "Big Four" 4.1.2 Commercial banks 4.2 Mobile operators 4.2.1 Operator restructuring 4.2.2 3G license issuance 4.2.3 China Mobile 4.2.4 China Unicom 4.2.5 China Telecom 4.3 M-payment service providers 4.3.1 Union Mobile Pay (联动优势) 4.3.2 Smartpay Jieyin (上海捷银) 4.3.3 Guangzhou Huanxin (广州环信) 4.3.4 Unicom Huajian (联通华建网) 4.3.5 China M-World (联龙博通) 4.3.6 YeePay (易宝支付) 4.3.7 IPS (环迅支付) 5 Conclusions and Forecasts 5.1 Factors hindering m-payment development in China 5.2 China m-payment market forecasts 5.2.1 Mobile user forecast 5.2.2 3G user forecast 5.2.3 M-payment user forecast 5.3 Trends to watch for 5.4 Opportunities for foreign companies 6 Appendices 6.1 Glossary 6.2 Global m-payment industry groups 6.3 Directory of companies and organizations mentioned in this report 6.4 Related reports from Maverick China Research
Figure 1: Mobile subscribers in China, 2004-2008 (M) Figure 2: Internet users in China, 2004-2008 (M) Figure 3: Mobile internet users in China, 2004-2008 (M) Figure 4: Bankcards in circulation in China, 2004-2008E (M) Figure 5: China's late start: banking and e-commerce milestones 1950-2008 Figure 6: Different types of bankcards in China Figure 7: Sample Chinese credit cards Figure 8: Sample co-branded debit cards Figure 9: Credit cards in circulation in China, 2006-2008 (M) Figure 10: ATMs in China, 2005-2008 Figure 11: China government groups involved in m-payment regulation Figure 12: Comparison of China's three leading m-payment models Figure 13: The mobile operator WVAS model Figure 14: The m-payment service provider model Figure 15: Selected m-payment provider merchant partners by sector Figure 16: The contactless smartcard model Figure 17: Beijing's "Yikatong" contactless smartcard for public transit Figure 18: Comparison of merchant and user fees for competing m-payment models Figure 19: User base comparison for leading payment methods< Figure 20: Typical product price range for competing m-payment models in China Figure 21: Typical products sold over competing m-payment models in China Figure 22: M-payment models and channels in China Figure 23: M-payment services available in China Figure 24: The mobile top-up purchasing process Figure 25: China prepaid vs. postpaid mobile subscribers, 2004-2008E (M) Figure 26: M-payment companies offering mobile top-up services in China Figure 27: M-payment companies offering mobile ticketing services in China Figure 28: Diagram or screenshot of mobile banking interface Figure 29: M-payment companies offering mobile banking services in China Figure 30: China's "Big Four" banks Figure 31: Major Chinese banks and their m-payment provider partners Figure 32: China's new telecom operator landscape, May 2008 Figure 33: China fixed-line users by month, 2007-2008 (M) Figure 34: Mobile operator share of users, pre- and post-restructuring Figure 35: Overview of China's top seven m-payment providers Figure 36: UMPay m-payment services, merchant partners, and coverage areas Figure 37: UMPay bank partnerships by area Figure 38: Smartpay m-payment services, merchant partners, and coverage areas Figure 39: Smartpay bank partnerships by area Figure 40: Guangzhou Huanxin m-payment services, merchant partners, and coverage areas Figure 41: Unicom Huajian's m-payment services, merchant partners, and coverage areas Figure 42: China M-World's m-payment services, merchant partners, and coverage areas Figure 43: YeePay m-payment services, merchant partners, and coverage areas Figure 44: IPS' m-payment services, merchant partners, and coverage areas Figure 45: IPS bank partners Figure 46: China mobile user forecast, 2009-2013F (M) Figure 47: China 3G user forecast, 2009-2013F (M) Figure 48: China m-payment active user forecast, 2008-2010F (M) Figure 49: China Mobile and China UnionPay: gatekeepers to China's m-payment industry
In past m-payment reports, we covered the rapid proliferation of third-party payment companies, as each tried to develop a network of mobile operators, merchants, banks, and users. This rush of activity, which was largely funded by venture capital funds and private investments, has slowed in recent years; some companies have left the market, and others have significantly changed their strategy. As we enter 2009, only a small fraction of China's 600 million mobile users are using m-payment services.
Despite these difficulties, many are still optimistic about the future of moblie payment in China. This optimism starts with world's largest mobile user base and an underdeveloped e-payment infrastructure. The restructuring of China's telecom operators in 2008 created a new competitive environment in which each operator is looking gain an edge through moblie payment and other value-added service. And the issuance of 3G licenses in January 2009 has opened the door for a wide range of new m-commerce and m-payment services, many of which will arrive within the coming year.
Mobile Payment in China: 2008-2009 Edition draws from in-depth interviews with China's leading m-payment executives and industry experts. We examine the leading business models, profile key players in the market, and identify investment and partnership opportunities. We provide years of historical data, including the latest year-end 2008 numbers, and forecast mobile payment market growth in China for the coming years. Written on the ground in China but intended for an international audience, this market report is detailed enough for industry insiders yet still accessible to newcomers.
Ordering Information
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